Micro erosion (Blow-out effect is dominant)：a Arid oasis；b Meadow steppe

Mild erosion(Blowing in dry season and formation of sandy slope on sandy surface)：a Reclamation of meadow grassland；b Steppe

Moderate erosion(Sandstorms or beaches or ridges on the ground)：a Reclamation of steppe；b Desert steppe

Strength erosion(Active dunes or wind erosion dunes)：a Fixed dune；b Semi-fixed dunes

Extreme intensity erosion (Dune activity)：a Less active；b Highly active

Severe erosion(Gobi beach, bare floor)

Freeze-thaw erosion

Mild erosion (Alpine meadow, meadow grassland)

Moderate erosion (Alpine desert grassland, desert)

Strength erosion (Seasonal frozen soil)

Extremely intensive erosion (Permafrost)

No obvious erosion

Dense forest and alpine tundra

Modern accumulations

Paddy field

Hydrochemical dissolution