The online map of drought distribution in Northeast China from June to August 2014 is from the Atlas of natural disasters in China in 2014, the book is edited by the National Disaster Reduction Commission Office, the Disaster relief Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the National Disaster Reduction Center of Ministry of Civil Affairs, and is published by China Map Publishing House. The scale of this map is 1:60000000.
Online map of drought distribution in Northeast China from June to August 2014
The blue area in the figure indicates: Disaster area.
General situation of disaster
From June to mid August, high temperature and little rain occurred in Northeast, northwest, North China, Huanghuai and middle and upper reaches of Yangtze River, and severe summer and summer drought occurred in some areas. The disaster affected 58.903 million people in Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other 8 provinces (autonomous regions), 9.007 million people needed life assistance due to drought, and 4.942 million people needed assistance due to drought drinking water; The disaster area of crops was 75627000 hectares, of which 11754000 hectares were no harvest; 4.196 million head (head) of large livestock with difficulty in drinking water; and the direct economic loss was 59.13 billion yuan. The drought disaster process has the following characteristics:
1.Less precipitation and high temperature lead to the rapid development of drought
In some areas of North China and Huang Huai River, the maximum temperature is higher than 35 ℃, and the precipitation in central and southern northeast, eastern North China, Huanghuai, southeast northwest and central Hubei is 20-50% less than that in southern Liaoning, Henan and central and Northern Hubei; precipitation from June 1 to August 22 in Henan, July 1 to August 22 in Liaoning and Jilin provinces The precipitation is the lowest in the same period since 1951. In addition, the main rivers in the north have less water in the main flood season than in the years, of which 60% of Liaohe River is less, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is less than 40-60%, and the middle and upper reaches of Huaihe River are less than 7-80%. The continuous decrease of precipitation and the superposition of fine heat and high temperature make the surface water seriously short, the groundwater level drops, the well water is dry, the small and medium rivers are broken, and some water conservancy projects such as reservoirs and weir ponds are seriously inadequate, which leads to the rapid development of drought.
2.The crops were severely damaged and the drinking water for people and livestock in urban and rural areas was difficult
The drought occurred from the beginning of summer to the beginning of autumn, which was the key period of crop jointing, heading, flowering and pollination, filling, and fruit enlargement, which seriously affected the yield of fruit trees in farmland, leading to the crop failure in mountainous and shallow mountainous areas, resulting in the reduction of autumn grain yield in some areas of Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Henan, Shaanxi and other provinces (autonomous regions). Due to the lack of precipitation, serious lack of water storage in the reservoir, the decline of groundwater level and the drying up of many wells, it is very difficult for people and livestock to drink water in urban and rural areas. At the peak, 4.942 million people have difficulty drinking water, accounting for 8.4% of the affected population. Many rural villagers need to go to other places thousands of meters away to get water or wait for the government to deliver water. The groundwater level in some mountainous areas has dropped seriously, so it is necessary to find new water sources to solve the problem of drinking water.
3.The disaster area covers a wide range, and the relief work in winter and spring is under great pressure
The drought affected 448 counties (cities, districts and banners) in 8 provinces (autonomous regions) in Northeast, northwest, North China, Huanghuai and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Due to the better soil moisture in spring of 2014, farmers increased agricultural investment, but the drought caused summer and autumn crop yield reduction and even no harvest, resulting in the early investment can not be recovered. In addition, the disaster area is basically unable to replant other crops, resulting in a large area of new grain. At the same time, affected by economic factors, the number of migrant workers of rural residents in 2014 decreased significantly compared with that in previous years, and their self-help ability was very weak. Farmers who depend on land for their livelihood encountered greater difficulties, and the living assistance work of the victims in winter was under great pressure.
Online map of crop damage caused by drought in Northeast China from June to August 2014
Online map of economic losses caused by drought in Northeast China from June to August 2014
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