Mongolia

Mongolia is located in the Mongolian Plateau in Central Asia. It borders China in the East, South and West, and Russia Siberia in the north. It is only 38 kilometers from the westernmost point to the easternmost end of the Republic of Kazakhstan， the total length of the border line is 8219 km, including 4676.8 km of China Mongolia border line and 3543 km of Mongolia Russia border line. The longest part of Mongolia is 2368 kilometers from east to west, 1260 kilometers from north to south, covering an area of 1.5665 million square kilometers.

In history, Mongolia was ruled by Huns, Xianbei, Rouran, Turk, Khitan and other nationalities. Genghis Khan established great Mongolia in 1206. In 1271, Kublai Khan, his grandson, established the Yuan Dynasty. After the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368, the Mongols returned to the Mongolian grassland, but they often clashed with the Ming Dynasty at the border. From the 16th to the 17th century, Mongolia began to be influenced by Tibetan Buddhism. At the end of the 17th century, Mongolia was included in the Qing Dynasty. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, Mongolia declared its independence, but it was not recognized internationally. In 1921, it declared its independence under the control of the Soviet Union, and the Mongolian People's Republic, established in 1924, was under the influence of the Soviet Union. The Republic of China recognized its independence in 1946, the people's Republic of China in 1949, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) refused to recognize its independence in 1953. Mongolia joined the United Nations in 1961. After the upheaval in Eastern Europe, the Democratic Revolution broke out in Mongolia. In 1992, Mongolia promulgated a new constitution to implement the multi-party system, changed the country name and began to transition to market economy. It joined the World Trade Organization in 1997.

The terrain of Mongolia gradually decreases from west to East. The highest altitude is 4653 meters (nairamdale peak), the lowest point is 553 meters (Huhe Lake), and the average altitude is 1580 meters. The mountain area is 777000 square kilometers, accounting for half of the total area; the Gobi desert area is 400000 square kilometers, accounting for one fourth of the total area; the lake area is 16000 square kilometers, accounting for 1% of the total area.

The scale of the online map of administrative divisions of Mongolia is 1:6000000.