Land suitability for cultivation refers to the degree to which the land is suitable for cultivation. This data is based on a 0.5 ° x 0.5 ° grid as the evaluation unit, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between 13 natural geographical elements such as climate, soil, and terrain within the global land (excluding Antarctica) and modern cultivation rates. The data results show that the spatial distribution pattern of land suitability and cultivation rate values is basically consistent. The spatial data resolution of this dataset is 5 'x 5'.