Map Introduction

The Historical Evolution of Jiao Province (modern northern Vietnam) during the Southern Qi Dynasty (479–502 AD) can be divided into two key phases:

The Northern Wei Southern Expedition and the Reign of Xiao Luan in 497 AD

In 497 AD, during the reign of Emperor Ming of Southern Qi, Xiao Luan, Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei launched a major southern campaign against Qi, with his forces reaching as far as Xiangfan in modern Hubei. By May of that year, the Northern Wei army had captured multiple territories in the Henan region. During this period, Jiao Province, a crucial southern frontier territory of Southern Qi, maintained relative stability within its borders but was nonetheless affected by the wider conflict.

The Late Reign of Xiao Luan and the Fall of Southern Qi

Xiao Luan's reign was marked by internal turmoil fueled by his suspicion of the imperial clan, culminating in his death from illness in 498 AD. Three years later, in 501 AD, Xiao Yan staged a coup, seized power, and established the Liang Dynasty, bringing an end to Southern Qi. Throughout this period of transition, Jiao Province itself did not experience large-scale regime change. However, as an integral part of the Southern Qi domain, its administrative allegiance shifted following the overthrow of the central Southern Qi government.

The evolution of Jiao Province during the Northern and Southern Dynasties reflects the characteristics of southern regimes' control over the Lingnan region. Control was consolidated through the establishment of administrative divisions, while these frontier areas also demonstrated dynamic changes in response to the political situation at the central court.