4. MySQL tutorial

Mysql

MySQL is the most popular relational database management system, and MySQL is one of the best RDBMS (Relational Database Management System: relational database management system) applications in WEB applications.

In this tutorial, you will quickly grasp the basic knowledge of MySQL and easily use the MySQL database.

4.1. What is a database?

Database (Database) is a warehouse that organizes, stores and manages data according to the data structure.

Each database has one or more different API for creating, accessing, managing, searching, and replicating saved data.

We can also store data in a file, but it is relatively slow to read and write data in the file.

So now we use a relational database management system (RDBMS) to store and manage large amounts of data. The so-called relational database is a database based on the relational model, which deals with the data in the database with the help of mathematical concepts and methods such as set algebra.

RDBMS is the characteristics of relational database management system (Relational Database Management System):

  • 1.数据以表格的形式出现

  • 2.每行为各种记录名称

  • 3.每列为记录名称所对应的数据域

  • 4.许多的行和列组成一张表单

  • 5.若干的表单组成database

4.2. RDBMS terminology

  • 4.2.34. MySQL Import data

    In this section, we introduce several simple MySQL import data commands.
    2025-10-25 12:31:23 UTC
  • 4.2.35. MySQL function

    MySQL has many built-in functions, and the descriptions of these functions are listed below. MySQL strin...
    2025-10-25 12:31:20 UTC
  • 4.2.36. MySQL IFNULL () function

    MySQL 函数 MySQL 函数 IFNULL() The function determines whether the first expressi...
    2025-10-25 12:31:22 UTC
  • 4.2.37. MySQL operator

    In this section, we focus on the operators of MySQL and their precedence. MySQL has the following main operators: ...
    2025-10-25 12:31:19 UTC
Principles, Technologies, and Methods of Geographic Information Systems  102

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.