SQL 指南

发布时间 :2023-12-26 23:00:03 UTC      

SQL - 结构化查询语言 (Structured Query Language)

SQL 是用于访问和处理数据库的标准的计算机语言。

常用的数据库管理系统: MySQL, SQL Server, Access, Oracle, Sybase, 和 DB2

对于那些希望在数据库中存储数据并从中获取数据的人来说,SQL 的知识是价值无法衡量的。

什么是 SQL?

  • SQL 指结构化查询语言 ( S tructured Q uery L anguage)

  • SQL 使我们有能力访问数据库

  • SQL 是一种 ANSI 的标准计算机语言

  • SQL 面向数据库执行查询

  • SQL 可从数据库取回数据

  • SQL 可在数据库中插入新的记录

  • SQL 可从数据库删除记录

  • SQL 很容易学习

SQL 数据库表

一个数据库通常包含一个或多个表。每个表由一个名字标识(例如”客户”或者”订单”)。表包含带有数据的记录(行)。

下面的例子是一个名为 “Persons” 的表:

LastName

FirstName

Address

City

Hansen

Ola

Timoteivn 10

Sandnes

Svendson

Tove

Borgvn 23

Sandnes

Pettersen

Kari

Storgt 20

Stavanger

上面的表包含三条记录(每一条对应一个人)和四个列(姓、名、地址和城市)。

SQL 查询程序

通过 SQL,我们可以查询某个数据库,并获得返回的一个结果集。

查询程序类似这样:

SELECT LastName FROM Persons

结果集类似这样:

LastName

Hansen

Svendson

Pettersen

如何学习SQL?

访问我们 完整的 SQL 教程

Principles, Technologies, and Methods of Geographic Information Systems  102

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.