12.1.6. RDF container element

< rdf:Bag > element ¶

The < rdf:Bag > element is used to describe a list of values that are defined as unordered.

The < rdf:Bag > element can contain duplicate values.

Example ¶

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:cd="http://www.recshop.fake/cd#">
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://www.recshop.fake/cd/Beatles">
  <cd:artist>
    <rdf:Bag>
      <rdf:li>John</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Paul</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>George</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Ringo</rdf:li>
    </rdf:Bag>
  </cd:artist>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

< rdf:Seq > element ¶

The < rdf:Seq > element is used to describe a list of values that are specified to be ordered (such as an alphabetical sort).

The < rdf:Bag > element can contain duplicate values.

Example ¶

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:cd="http://www.recshop.fake/cd#">
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://www.recshop.fake/cd/Beatles">
  <cd:artist>
    <rdf:Seq>
      <rdf:li>George</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>John</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Paul</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Ringo</rdf:li>
    </rdf:Seq>
  </cd:artist>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

< rdf:Alt > element ¶

The < rdf:Alt > element is used for a list of replaceable values (users can select only one of these values).

Example ¶

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:cd="http://www.recshop.fake/cd#">
<rdf:Descriptio
rdf:about="http://www.recshop.fake/cd/Beatles">
  <cd:format>
    <rdf:Alt>
      <rdf:li>CD</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Record</rdf:li>
      <rdf:li>Tape</rdf:li>
    </rdf:Alt>
  </cd:format>
</rdf:Descriptio>
</rdf:RDF>

RDF terminology ¶

In the above example, we have discussed the “list of values” when describing container elements. In RDF, these “lists of values” are called members.

So we can say something like this:

A container is a resource that contains things.

What is contained is called a member (it cannot be called a “list of values”).

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.