5.21. Characteristics of binary search Tree

5.21.1. I. sequence ¶

The binary search tree can be used as an implementation of the lookup table.

The purpose of using the binary search tree is to get the value right away by looking for key. Minimum, maximum, successor (successor), predecessor (precursor), floor (floor), ceil (ceiling, rank (which element is ranked), select (who is the element that ranks n) are all manifestations of the ordering of binary search trees.

5.21.2. II. Limitations ¶

The binary search tree is limited in time performance.

As shown in the following figure, like element nodes, two different binary search trees are formed, both of which satisfy the definition:

The binary search tree may degenerate into a linked list, accordingly, the search operation of the binary search tree is highly related to the tree, and the height of the tree is the number of nodes n of the tree, and the corresponding algorithms of the binary search tree are all reduced to O (n) level.

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.