13.6. Sass @ mixin and @ include

@mixin directive allows us to define a style that can be reused throughout the stylesheet.

@include directive can introduce mixin into the document.

13.6.1. Define a mix ¶

Mixin through @mixin directive to define. @mixin name { property: value; property: value; ... } , the following example creates a mix named “important-text”:

Sass Code:

@mixin important-text {
  color: red;
  font-size: 25px;
  font-weight: bold;
  border: 1px solid blue;
}

Note: Sass connection symbols-and underscore symbols _ are the same, that is, @mixin important-text { } and @mixin important_text { } It’s the same blend in.

Use blending ¶

@include directive can be used to include a mix:

Sass @include mix in the syntax:

selector {
  @include mixin-name;
}

Therefore, include important-text the mixing code is as follows:

Example

.danger {
  @include important-text;
  background-color: green;
}

Convert the above code to CSS code, as follows:

Css Code:

.danger {
  color: red;
  font-size: 25px;
  font-weight: bold;
  border: 1px solid blue;
  background-color: green;
}

Blending can also include blending, as follows:

Example

@mixin special-text {
  @include important-text;
  @include link;
  @include special-border;
}

13.6.2. Pass variables to blending ¶

Blending can receive parameters.

We can pass variables to the mix.

Define the blending that can receive parameters:

Example

/\* Mixing in and receiving two parameters \*/
@mixin bordered($color, $width) {
  border: $width solid $color;
}
.myArticle {
  @include bordered(blue, 1px);  // Call mixing and pass two parameters
}
.myNotes {
  @include bordered(red, 2px); // Call mixing and pass two parameters
}

The blending parameter of the above example is the property that sets the border ( color and width ).

Convert the above code to CSS code, as follows:

Css Code:

.myArticle {
  border: 1px solid blue;
}
.myNotes {
  border: 2px solid red;
}

You can also define default values for mixed parameters. The syntax format is as follows:

Example

@mixin bordered($color: blue, $width: 1px) {
  border: $width solid $color;
}

When including blending, you only need to pass the required variable name and its value:

Example

@mixin sexy-border($color, $width: 1in) {
  border: {
    color: $color;
    width: $width;
    style: dashed;
  }
}
p { @include sexy-border(blue); }
h1 { @include sexy-border(blue, 2in); }

Convert the above code to CSS code, as follows:

Css Code:

p {
  border-color: blue;
  border-width: 1in;
  border-style: dashed; }
h1 {
  border-color: blue;
  border-width: 2in;
  border-style: dashed;
}

Variable parameter ¶

Sometimes we are not sure how many arguments are used by a mixin or a function (function), so we can use… to set variable parameters.

For example, a mixin used to create a box box-shadow can take any number of``box-shadow`` as a parameter.

Example

@mixin box-shadow($shadows...) {
      -moz-box-shadow: $shadows;
      -webkit-box-shadow: $shadows;
      box-shadow: $shadows;
}
.shadows {
  @include box-shadow(0px 4px 5px #666, 2px 6px 10px #999);
}

Convert the above code to CSS code, as follows:

Css Code:

.shadows {
  -moz-box-shadow: 0px 4px 5px #666, 2px 6px 10px #999;
  -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 4px 5px #666, 2px 6px 10px #999;
  box-shadow: 0px 4px 5px #666, 2px 6px 10px #999;
}

13.6.3. Browser prefixes using blending ¶

It is also very convenient for browser prefixes to be mixed, as shown in thefollowing example:

Example ¶

@mixin transform($property) {
  -webkit-transform: $property;
  -ms-transform: $property;
  transform: $property;
}
.myBox {
  @include transform(rotate(20deg));
}

Convert the above code to CSS code, as follows:

Css Code: ¶

.myBox {
  -webkit-transform: rotate(20deg);
  -ms-transform: rotate(20deg);
  transform: rotate(20deg);
}