5.18. PostgreSQL AND & OR operator

发布时间 :2025-10-25 12:30:47 UTC      

In PostgreSQL, AND and OR, also known as join operators, are used to narrow the scope of a query when querying data, and we can specify one or more query conditions with AND or OR.

5.18.1. AND

The AND operator indicates that one or more conditions must be true at the same time.

In WHERE In the clause, the syntax for using AND is as follows:

SELECT column1, column2, columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition1] AND [condition2]...AND [conditionN];

5.18.2. Example

Create the COMPANY table ( 下载 COMPANY SQL 文件 ), the data are as follows:

runoobdb# select * from COMPANY;
 id | name  | age | address   | salary
----+-------+-----+-----------+--------
  1 | Paul  |  32 | California|  20000
  2 | Allen |  25 | Texas     |  15000
  3 | Teddy |  23 | Norway    |  20000
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Rich-Mond |  65000
  5 | David |  27 | Texas     |  85000
  6 | Kim   |  22 | South-Hall|  45000
  7 | James |  24 | Houston   |  10000
(7 rows)

The following example reads that the AGE field is greater than 25 and SALARY All records with fields greater than or equal to 65000:

runoobdb=# SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE AGE >= 25 AND SALARY >= 65000;
 id | name  | age | address    | salary
----+-------+-----+------------+--------
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Rich-Mond  |  65000
  5 | David |  27 | Texas      |  85000
(2 rows)

5.18.3. OR

The OR operator means that only any one of several conditions needs to be satisfied.

In WHERE In the clause, the syntax for using OR is as follows:

SELECT column1, column2, columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition1] OR [condition2]...OR [conditionN]

Create the COMPANY table ( 下载 COMPANY SQL 文件 ), the data are as follows:

runoobdb# select * from COMPANY;
 id | name  | age | address   | salary
----+-------+-----+-----------+--------
  1 | Paul  |  32 | California|  20000
  2 | Allen |  25 | Texas     |  15000
  3 | Teddy |  23 | Norway    |  20000
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Rich-Mond |  65000
  5 | David |  27 | Texas     |  85000
  6 | Kim   |  22 | South-Hall|  45000
  7 | James |  24 | Houston   |  10000
(7 rows)

The following example reads AGE Field greater than or equal to 25 or SALARY All records with fields greater than or equal to 65000:

runoobdb=# SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE AGE >= 25 OR SALARY >= 65000;
 id | name  | age | address    | salary
----+-------+-----+------------+--------
  1 | Paul  |  32 | California |  20000
  2 | Allen |  25 | Texas      |  15000
  4 | Mark  |  25 | Rich-Mond  |  65000
  5 | David |  27 | Texas      |  85000
(4 rows)
Principles, Technologies, and Methods of Geographic Information Systems  102

In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have undergone rapid development in both theoretical and practical dimensions. GIS has been widely applied for modeling and decision-making support across various fields such as urban management, regional planning, and environmental remediation, establishing geographic information as a vital component of the information era. The introduction of the “Digital Earth” concept has further accelerated the advancement of GIS, which serves as its technical foundation. Concurrently, scholars have been dedicated to theoretical research in areas like spatial cognition, spatial data uncertainty, and the formalization of spatial relationships. This reflects the dual nature of GIS as both an applied technology and an academic discipline, with the two aspects forming a mutually reinforcing cycle of progress.